Ever play against a Guile with incredible timing, who has an uncanny ability to pull off a Sonic Boom or Flash Kick even when you could have sworn he didn't have enough time to charge it up?
They were likely using a technique called "pre-charging" that gives you a few extra frames of charge time to execute your moves. Gilley, who's contributed a ton of stuff to the Street Fighter community, put together a pretty sweet video explaining and showing the technique.
While this video is about Guile — pre-charging applies to any character with charge moves.